Which drug is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used in glaucoma therapy?

Dorzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is specifically used in the treatment of glaucoma. This class of drug works by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which plays a key role in the production of aqueous humor in the eye. By blocking this enzyme, dorzolamide reduces the formation of fluid, thereby lowering intraocular pressure, which is a critical part of managing glaucoma.

In contrast, other medications listed, such as latanoprost, betaxolol, and timolol, utilize different mechanisms. Latanoprost is a prostaglandin analog that increases the outflow of aqueous humor, while betaxolol and timolol are beta-blockers that reduce the production of aqueous humor. While these medications are also effective for glaucoma management, they do not belong to the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor class. Understanding the specific mechanisms of these drugs is essential for effectively treating glaucoma based on individual patient needs.