Which condition is associated with both primary and secondary lens luxation?

Primary and secondary lens luxation is closely associated with chronic glaucoma, primarily because of the relationship between increased intraocular pressure and lens stability. In chronic glaucoma, the prolonged elevation of intraocular pressure can lead to structural changes in the eye, including damage to the zonules—the fibrous structures that hold the lens in place. This damage can result in the lens becoming unstable and eventually luxating either forward into the anterior chamber or backward into the vitreous body.

In contrast, other conditions like corneal edema, surgical injuries, and cataracts do not have the same direct relationship with lens luxation. Corneal edema is primarily a consequence of diseases affecting the cornea and does not directly lead to the changes that facilitate lens luxation. Surgical injuries may lead to various complications but are more situational rather than directly related to chronic conditions like glaucoma. While cataracts can obscure vision and contribute to the overall health of the eye, they do not inherently cause primary or secondary lens luxation.

Therefore, chronic glaucoma’s impact on the stability of the lens through its effect on the zonules makes it the condition most closely associated with both primary and secondary lens luxation.