What typically causes corneal ulceration in felines?

Corneal ulceration in felines is most commonly caused by feline herpesvirus (FHV), particularly in the context of upper respiratory infections. FHV can lead to keratitis and ulcerative keratitis due to its tendency to damage the corneal epithelium. This virus is prevalent in cats and can result in a condition known as feline viral rhinotracheitis, which can compromise the corneal integrity and make it more susceptible to ulceration.

In cases of feline herpesvirus infection, the virus may cause an initial epithelial infection that subsequently leads to keratitis and can further progress to corneal ulcers. The corneal damage may occur through direct viral cytopathic effects or secondary bacterial infections that can exacerbate the ulceration process.

While other factors such as bacterial infections, parasites, or systemic diseases like feline leukemia virus may contribute to ocular problems, they are not the predominant causes of corneal ulceration seen specifically in felines. Understanding the viral etiology, particularly the role of FHV, is crucial for effectively diagnosing and managing such cases in veterinary practice.