What occurs when a corneal ulcer reaches the depth of Descemet's membrane?

When a corneal ulcer penetrates to the level of Descemet's membrane, it leads to the formation of a descemetocele. Descemet's membrane is the thin, inner layer of the cornea that is critical for maintaining corneal transparency and hydration. When a corneal ulcer reaches this level, it creates a potential space filled with aqueous humor, leading to a characteristic bulging or protrusion of the cornea at that site. This condition is clinically significant because it indicates a severe and deep ulceration that poses a risk of perforation and can lead to considerable complications, including loss of corneal integrity and vision. Monitoring and managing descemetoceles is crucial in veterinary ophthalmology to prevent further deterioration of the cornea and associated visual impairment.