What is the primary treatment method for distichiasis?

The primary treatment method for distichiasis involves cryotherapy and hair plucking because these techniques effectively address the abnormal eyelashes that grow from the Meibomian glands and cause irritation to the cornea and conjunctiva. Cryotherapy involves freezing the hair follicles, which can permanently destroy them and prevent future hair growth. This minimizes the risk of further damage to the ocular surface. Hair plucking can provide immediate relief but may require repeat treatments, as it does not permanently eliminate the problem.

Other methods, such as surgical excision, are also options but are typically reserved for more severe cases or when the condition does not respond to cryotherapy and plucking. Topical medications may help manage symptoms but do not address the underlying issue of the misaligned eyelashes. Laser therapy is less common in this context and may not be as widely available or effective as cryotherapy combined with hair plucking. Therefore, cryotherapy and hair plucking remain the primary treatment strategy for distichiasis.