What is the difference between lens subluxation and lens luxation?

Lens subluxation and lens luxation are terms used to describe different degrees of displacement of the lens within the eye.

Subluxation refers to a partial displacement of the lens. In this condition, the lens remains partially attached but is not in its normal position, often due to structural weakness or trauma. The zonules, which are the ligaments that hold the lens in place, can be stretched or partially torn, causing the lens to shift from its ideal central location without completely detaching from its support. This condition can lead to various clinical signs, including visual disturbances and potential complications.

On the other hand, lens luxation indicates a complete dislocation of the lens from its normal anatomical position. In this case, the lens is completely detached from the zonules and may either be floating within the vitreous cavity of the eye or positioned within the anterior chamber. Luxation typically presents a more severe clinical issue that can lead to significant ocular problems, including glaucoma or retinal detachment.

Recognizing the distinction between subluxation and luxation is crucial for diagnosis and management. The definition of subluxation as a partial detachment accurately reflects its nature, making it the correct response in this context.