What factor can contribute to the immune-mediated destruction seen in KCS?

The immune-mediated destruction seen in Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS), commonly known as dry eye, can indeed be influenced by genetic predisposition. In many cases, KCS is associated with an autoimmune response where the body's immune system erroneously targets and attacks the lacrimal glands—the glands responsible for tear production. This can be due to specific genetic factors that make an individual more susceptible to immune system dysfunction.

Studies have shown that certain breeds, such as Bulldogs and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, have a higher prevalence of KCS, suggesting a hereditary link that predisposes them to this condition. By understanding the genetic predisposition, veterinarians can better recognize at-risk breeds, manage the condition appropriately, and educate pet owners about the potential for immune-mediated issues in their animals. This emphasizes the role of genetics in the development of KCS, where a propensity for autoimmune disorders can lead to the immune-mediated destruction of the glands involved in tear production.