What complication can arise from untreated ulcerative keratitis?

Untreated ulcerative keratitis can lead to significant complications, with corneal scarring and vision loss being among the most serious outcomes. This condition typically begins as a superficial erosion on the corneal surface due to infection, trauma, or underlying conditions. If left unaddressed, the ulcer can worsen, penetrating deeper into the cornea and leading to inflammation and scarring.

Corneal scarring results from the healing process, which can form opaque tissue where the original clear corneal tissue was, impeding the passage of light and ultimately affecting vision. In severe cases, the integrity of the cornea may be compromised, resulting in more extensive damage, which can lead to vision impairment or complete vision loss.

Furthermore, if the ulcer progresses to perforation, it can lead to an influx of inflammatory cells, potentially resulting in severe infection, pain, and even the loss of the eye. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative keratitis are vital in preventing these complications and preserving vision.