What clinical sign is commonly associated with KCS?

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), also known as dry eye, is characterized by insufficient tear production. This condition leads to symptoms primarily related to dryness in the ocular surface. The hallmark of KCS is the inability of the eyes to maintain adequate moisture, which results in irritation and inflammation.

In KCS, there is a decrease in tear film, which is critical for maintaining the health of the cornea and conjunctiva. As a result, patients with KCS often exhibit signs such as a dry, gritty feeling in the eyes, increased susceptibility to infections, and potential corneal damage over time. This lack of moisture distinguishes KCS from conditions that cause excessive tearing, where tear production is increased due to irritants or other underlying causes.

While excessive tearing might appear to be a related sign due to compensatory mechanisms, it is not a direct symptom of KCS itself. Redness of the eye may indicate conjunctivitis or other inflammatory responses but does not specifically indicate KCS. Corneal haze can be a secondary effect of chronic dryness and damage but is not as definitive as the characteristic symptom of dry eye in describing KCS.