In what context is pseudobupthalmos most likely to be observed?

Pseudobupthalmos refers to an apparent enlargement of the eyeball that does not result from actual increases in the size of the globe but is instead due to other underlying factors. This condition is most commonly associated with ocular abnormalities such as retained corneal layers, particularly the spectacle. In cases where an eye has retained a spectacle (a layer of protection or a covering that should normally shed), the cornea may appear swollen or bulging even though the internal structures of the eye are normal in size.

In contrast, the other contexts provided in the question do not typically lead to the phenomenon of pseudobupthalmos. For instance, while an injury could certainly cause changes to the eye, it would more likely lead to true buphthalmos or other pathological conditions rather than the deceptive appearance of swelling that characterizes pseudobupthalmos. Similarly, glaucoma is directly linked to increases in intraocular pressure, leading to true buphthalmos rather than the pseudomorphological changes. Lastly, during a routine check-up, any observed changes in eye size would generally be assessed for actual size discrepancies rather than pseudobupthalmos, as there would be no specific condition prompting such an appearance.

Overall, the context of retained spectacle directly relates